Molecular staging of gynecological cancer: What is the future?

Pratibha S Binder; Jaime Prat; David G Mutch

doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2015.01.008

Molecular staging of gynecological cancer: What is the future?

Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2015 Aug;29(6):776-89. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2015.01.008. Epub 2015 Mar 4.

Authors

Pratibha S Binder¹, Jaime Prat², David G Mutch³

Affiliations

¹ Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Department of Pathology, Hospital de Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
³ Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.

Abstract

The purpose of cancer staging is to classify cancers into prognostic groups and to allow for comparison of treatment results and survival between patients and institutions. Staging for gynecologic cancers is based on extent of disease and metastasis, which was historically determined by physical examination and is now based on surgical and histologic examination of tumor specimens. Although the extent of disease is currently considered the most important predictor of recurrence and survival, current staging does not include molecular features that are associated with tumor aggressiveness, response to therapy, and prognosis. This review focuses on genomic and proteomic features of gynecologic cancers and the future of biomarkers in staging classification.

Keywords: biomarker; gynecologic cancer; molecular classification; prognosis; staging.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Adenocarcinoma / genetics
Adenocarcinoma / metabolism
Adenocarcinoma / pathology
Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics*
Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
Carcinoma, Endometrioid / genetics
Carcinoma, Endometrioid / metabolism
Carcinoma, Endometrioid / pathology
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / genetics
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / metabolism
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / virology
Endometrial Neoplasms / genetics
Endometrial Neoplasms / metabolism
Endometrial Neoplasms / pathology
Female
Genital Neoplasms, Female / genetics
Genital Neoplasms, Female / metabolism
Genital Neoplasms, Female / pathology*
Humans
Neoplasm Staging
Ovarian Neoplasms / genetics
Ovarian Neoplasms / metabolism
Ovarian Neoplasms / pathology
Papillomavirus Infections / genetics
Papillomavirus Infections / metabolism
Papillomavirus Infections / pathology
Prognosis
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / genetics
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / metabolism
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / pathology
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / virology
Uterine Neoplasms / genetics
Uterine Neoplasms / metabolism
Uterine Neoplasms / pathology

Substances

Biomarkers, Tumor

Grants and funding

UL1 TR000448/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States