Context: Survival of children, adolescents and young adults treated for cancer increased with improved treatments. But there is still an increased risk of second primary cancer (SPC) in the long term compared to the population of the same age, especially related to treatments. A reflection on the follow-up of this population and the prevention of SPC is an important issue.
Objectives: To perform a synthesis of the available literature on SCP risk factors, related risk behaviors, occupational exposures and prevention strategies.
Methods: Literature search on PubMed from the following equation: "cancer [Tiab] AND young adult [Tiab] or teen [Tiab] or childhood [Tiab] AND prevention [Tiab] AND survivors [Mesh term]".
Results: Twenty-seven articles were included in this synthesis. Children, adolescents and young adults have similar risk behaviors than those of their peers regarding tobacco, diet and sun exposure; however, they have lower physical activity. There are few studies on prevention strategies focused on this population. Results of available studies remain inconclusive. No publication was found in relation to occupational exposure and risk of second cancer.
Conclusions: Children, adolescents and young adults treated for cancer are a population at risk and require long-term follow-up and the implementation of effective prevention strategies tailored to this population.
Keywords: Adolescent; Adolescents; Facteurs de risque; Prevention; Prévention; Risk factors; Second cancer; Second malignancy.
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