Gastrointestinal bleeding in a chronic myeloid leukaemia patient precipitated by dasatinib-induced platelet dysfunction: Case report

Platelets. 2015;26(8):809-11. doi: 10.3109/09537104.2015.1049138. Epub 2015 Jun 1.

Abstract

Bleeding in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) receiving the second-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) dasatinib is a well-documented side effect, occurring in up to 24% of patients. In most cases, it is attributed directly to a secondary grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopaenia. Platelet dysfunction precipitated by dasatinib has been demonstrated in multiple in vitro and in vivo studies; however, there is currently no correlative data that definitively associates this with clinically significant bleeding. In this case, we report a patient with chronic-phase CML receiving dasatinib who developed significant gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to angiodysplasia in the absence of a severe thrombocytopaenia or coagulopathy. Platelet function testing on the PFA-100 assay and formal platelet aggregometry demonstrated impaired platelet aggregation, however, upon cessation of dasatinib, platelet function normalised and the bleeding resolved without further intervention. This case demonstrates that dasatinib-induced platelet dysfunction can cause clinically significant bleeding and highlights the need for physicians to be aware of this adverse effect.

Keywords: Bleeding; chronic myeloid leukaemia; dasatinib; platelet-dysfunction.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Blood Platelets / drug effects*
  • Dasatinib / adverse effects*
  • Dasatinib / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / blood*
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / diagnosis
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / etiology*
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / complications*
  • Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / drug therapy
  • Platelet Function Tests
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / adverse effects*
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Dasatinib