Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of peripheral-selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor

Bioorg Med Chem. 2015 Aug 1;23(15):5000-5014. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.05.017. Epub 2015 May 15.

Abstract

Centrally acting noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (NRI) is reportedly effective for patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) by increasing urethral closure in the clinical Phase IIa study with esreboxetine. Noradrenaline transporters are expressed in both central and peripheral nervous systems and the contribution of each site to efficacy has not been clarified. This report describes the development of a series of peripheral-selective 7-phenyl-1,4-oxazepane NRIs to investigate the contribution of the peripheral site to increasing urethral resistance in rats. (6S,7R)-1,4-Oxazepane derivative 7 exhibited noradrenaline transporter inhibition with high selectivity against inhibitions of serotonin and dopamine transporters. A replacement of hydroxyl with acetamide group contributed to enhancement of peripheral selectivity by increasing molecular polarity. Compound 12, N-{[(6S,7R)-7-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,4-oxazepan-6-yl]methyl}acetamide 0.5 fumarate, which showed effectively no brain penetration in rats, increased urethral resistance in a dose-dependent manner and exhibited a maximal effect on par with esreboxetine. These results demonstrate that the urethral resistance-increasing effects of NRI in rats are mainly caused by the inhibition of noradrenaline transporters in the peripheral sites.

Keywords: 7-Aryl-1,4-oxazepane derivatives; Peripheral-selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor; Stress urinary incontinence.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cerebral Cortex / metabolism
  • Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / chemistry
  • Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / metabolism
  • Drug Design*
  • Female
  • Heterocyclic Compounds / chemical synthesis
  • Heterocyclic Compounds / chemistry*
  • Heterocyclic Compounds / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Morpholines / therapeutic use
  • Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / chemistry
  • Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / chemistry
  • Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / metabolism
  • Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors / chemical synthesis*
  • Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Stereoisomerism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Urinary Incontinence, Stress / drug therapy

Substances

  • Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
  • Heterocyclic Compounds
  • Morpholines
  • Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
  • Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
  • Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors
  • esreboxetine