Intracoronary abciximab in diabetic patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Vascul Pharmacol. 2015 Oct:73:32-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.06.001. Epub 2015 Jun 10.

Abstract

Background: Although intracoronary abciximab failed to improve prognosis compared with intravenous route in unselected ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, little is known about the role of intracoronary abciximab in diabetic patients.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of intracoronary abciximab administration in diabetic patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: Reperfusional and clinical outcomes of intracoronary abciximab compared with intravenous bolus abciximab according to diabetic status were evaluated in a pooled analysis of five randomized trials including 3158 STEMI patients. The primary clinical endpoint of the study was the composite of death or reinfarction at 30-day follow-up.

Results: Among 584 diabetic patients (18.5%), the composite of death or reinfarction was significantly reduced with intracoronary abciximab compared to intravenous abciximab (4.7% vs. 8.8%; rate ratio [RR], 0.50; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.26-0.99; p=0.04), driven by numerically lower deaths (3.7% vs. 6.4%; RR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.26-1.20; p=0.13). Moreover, a significant reduction in definite or probable stent thrombosis was observed in patients receiving intracoronary abciximab (1% vs. 3.5%; RR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.07-0.99; p=0.04). Although formal tests for interaction were not significant, no clinical benefit was apparent in the cohort of STEMI patients without diabetes (n=2574).

Conclusions: In diabetic patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI, intracoronary abciximab may improve clinical outcomes as compared with standard intravenous use. These findings require confirmation in a dedicated randomized trial.

Keywords: Abciximab; Acute myocardial infarction; Intracoronary administration.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Abciximab
  • Administration, Intravenous
  • Aged
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / administration & dosage*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / adverse effects
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Coronary Thrombosis / etiology
  • Coronary Thrombosis / prevention & control
  • Diabetes Mellitus* / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus* / mortality
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / administration & dosage*
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / adverse effects
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis
  • Myocardial Infarction / mortality
  • Myocardial Infarction / therapy*
  • Odds Ratio
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / mortality
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / administration & dosage*
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Recurrence
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Abciximab