A nationwide analysis of the use and outcomes of perioperative epidural analgesia in patients undergoing hepatic and pancreatic surgery

Am J Surg. 2015 Sep;210(3):483-91. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2015.04.009. Epub 2015 Jun 2.

Abstract

Background: We sought to define trends in the use of epidural analgesia (EA) for hepatopancreatic procedures, as well as to characterize inpatient outcomes relative to the use of EA.

Methods: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was queried to identify all elective hepatopancreatic surgeries between 2000 and 2012. In-hospital outcomes were compared among patients receiving EA vs conventional analgesia using propensity matching.

Results: EA utilization was 7.4% (n = 3,961). The use of EA among minimally invasive procedures increased from 3.8% in 2000 to 9.1% in 2012. The odds of sepsis (odds ratio [OR] .72, 95% confidence interval [CI] .56 to .93), respiratory failure (OR .79, 95% CI .69 to .91), and postoperative pneumonia (OR .77, 95% CI .61 to .98), as well as overall in-hospital mortality (OR .72, 95% CI .56 to .93) were lower in the EA cohort (all P < .05). In contrast, no association was noted between EA and postoperative hemorrhage (OR .81, 95% CI .65 to 1.01, P = .06).

Conclusions: EA use among patients undergoing hepatopancreatic procedures remains low. After controlling for confounding factors, EA remained associated with a reduction in specific pulmonary-related complications, as well as in-hospital mortality.

Keywords: Epidural analgesia; Liver resection; Outcome; Pancreatic resection.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Analgesia, Epidural / statistics & numerical data*
  • Databases, Factual
  • Digestive System Surgical Procedures
  • Female
  • Hospital Mortality
  • Humans
  • Length of Stay / statistics & numerical data
  • Liver / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pain, Postoperative / prevention & control
  • Pancreas / surgery*
  • Pneumonia / epidemiology
  • Postoperative Complications
  • Propensity Score
  • Respiratory Insufficiency / epidemiology
  • Sepsis / epidemiology
  • United States / epidemiology