Associations between the fasting levels of serum lipid and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in Chinese populations remain largely unknown. Our objective was to analyse data from a cohort of ALS patients to determine these associations. Four hundred and thirteen ALS patients and 400 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were included. Fasting serum lipid concentration of all subjects, including total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG), were measured at the time of first visit. The revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) was used to assess the severity of ALS. Systems Analysis by Review Manager 5 was used to evaluate differences in dyslipidaemia between ALS patients and controls. Results showed that ALS patients with higher triglyceride levels had longer survival time compared to patients with lower triglyceride levels (p < 0.05). We found a median prolonged life expectancy of 5.8 months for patients with serum triglyceride levels above the median of 127.5 mg/dl. Cox regression analysis indicated that disease duration and age were positively correlated with death, and triglyceride was positively correlated with survival. A meta-analysis indicated that there were no significant differences in mean total cholesterol, TG, LDL or the LDL/HDL ratio between patients and controls. In conclusion, high serum TG might be a protective factor for the survival of patients with ALS.
Keywords: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; HDL-C; LDL-C; TG; total cholesterol.