High-Resolution HLA Typing for Sensitized Patients: Advances in Medicine and Science Require Us to Challenge Existing Paradigms

Affiliations

• ¹ Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.
• ² HLA Laboratory, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA.
• ³ University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.
• ⁴ Department of Internal Medicine and Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
• ⁵ Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
• ⁶ Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA.
• ⁷ Department of Immunohematology and Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
• ⁸ MLC Group LLC, Phoenix, AZ.
• ⁹ Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
• ¹⁰ Transplant Immunology Laboratory, Oxford Transplant Centre, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
• ¹¹ Biomedical Laboratory Diagnostics Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
• ¹² Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, OH.
• ¹³ Immunology & Histocompatibility Testing Laboratories, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
• ¹⁴ Department of Transplant Immunology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
• ¹⁵ Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY.
• ¹⁶ Transplant Immunology Laboratory, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
• ¹⁷ Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
• ¹⁸ Division of Nephrology and HLA Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
• ¹⁹ Division of Transplant Pathology, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.