Photoemission Circular Dichroism and Spin Polarization of the Topological Surface States in Ultrathin Bi2Te3 Films

Phys Rev Lett. 2015 Jul 3;115(1):016801. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.016801. Epub 2015 Jun 30.

Abstract

Circular dichroism (CD) observed by photoemission, being sensitive to the orbital and spin angular momenta of the electronic states, is a powerful probe of the nontrivial surface states of topological insulators, but the experimental results thus far have eluded a comprehensive description. We report a study of Bi2Te3 films with thicknesses ranging from one quintuple layer (two-dimensional limit) to 12 layers (bulk limit) over a wide range of incident photon energy. The data show complex variations in magnitude and sign reversals, which are nevertheless well described by a theoretical calculation including all three photoemission mechanisms: dipole transition, surface photoemission, and spin-orbit coupling. The results establish the nontrivial connection between the spin-orbit texture and CD.