Force-Induced Dispersion in Heterogeneous Media

Phys Rev Lett. 2015 Jul 10;115(2):020601. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.020601. Epub 2015 Jul 10.

Abstract

The effect of a constant applied external force, induced for instance by an electric or gravitational field, on the dispersion of Brownian particles in periodic media with spatially varying diffusivity, and thus mobility, is studied. We show that external forces can greatly enhance dispersion in the direction of the applied force and also modify, to a lesser extent and in some cases nonmonotonically, dispersion perpendicular to the applied force. Our results thus open up the intriguing possibility of modulating the dispersive properties of heterogeneous media by using externally applied force fields. These results are obtained via a Kubo formula that can be applied to any periodic advection diffusion system in any spatial dimension.