Focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular adenoma: The value of shear wave elastography for differential diagnosis

Eur J Radiol. 2015 Nov;84(11):2059-64. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2015.07.029. Epub 2015 Aug 3.

Abstract

Objective: This study assessed the clinical usefulness of shear wave elastography (SWE) during ultrasound for differentiating between focal nodular hyperplasias (FNHs) and hepatocellular adenomas (HAs).

Materials and methods: SWE was performed on 56 patients presenting with 76 liver lesions (57 FNHs and 19HAs) that were confirmed by MRI and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) (n=55) or by histology (n=21). A mean elasticity value was obtained for each lesion. The ratios of the elasticity of the lesions to the elasticity of the surrounding liver were determined. The optimal elasticity cut-off value for distinguishing between the two lesion types was determined using ROC analysis. All lesions that were classified as "undetermined" after CEUS were reclassified using the elasticity values.

Results: The mean elasticity value was 46.99 ± 31.15 kPa for FNHs and 12.08 ± 10.68 kPa for HAs (p<0.0001). The mean relative elasticity ratio values were 7.94 ± 6.43 and 1.91 ± 1.70, respectively (p<0.0001). The ROC analysis showed a maximal accuracy of 95% for identification with a cut-off of 18.8 kPa for lesion elasticity (accuracy of 96% with a cut-off of 1.98 for the relative elasticity ratio). A total of 68 CEUS were performed, and 17 lesions (25%) were classified as "undetermined" after CEUS. With these cut-off values 16 lesions (94.1%) were correctly reclassified as FNHs.

Conclusion: SWE is a useful adjunctive tool for differentiation between FNH and HA during ultrasound examination.

Keywords: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; Focal liver lesion; Focal nodular hyperplasia; Hepatocellular adenoma; Shear wave elastography; Ultrasound.

MeSH terms

  • Adenoma, Liver Cell / diagnostic imaging*
  • Adenoma, Liver Cell / pathology
  • Adult
  • Contrast Media
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Elasticity Imaging Techniques / methods*
  • Female
  • Focal Nodular Hyperplasia / diagnostic imaging*
  • Focal Nodular Hyperplasia / pathology
  • Humans
  • Image Enhancement
  • Liver / diagnostic imaging
  • Liver / pathology
  • Liver Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
  • Liver Neoplasms / pathology
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • ROC Curve
  • Reproducibility of Results

Substances

  • Contrast Media