Features of scalp EEG in unilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis: Determining factors and predictive value for epilepsy surgery

Clin Neurophysiol. 2016 Feb;127(2):1081-1087. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.06.035. Epub 2015 Aug 14.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate determining factors of the ictal scalp EEG pattern at seizure onset and its predictive value for postsurgical outcome in people with unilateral MTLE due to hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS).

Methods: Review of consecutive people with chronic MTLE-HS undergoing presurgical video-EEG telemetry. Exclusion criteria were additional epileptogenic lesions or seizure generators or compromised EEG traces at seizure-onset. Mixed linear or logistic regression models were used.

Results: Inclusion of 63 patients with 219 seizures with a favorable outcome (no seizures or auras only) in 43 patients at last follow-up. Rhythmic activity at seizure-onset (RA) had a frequency of 4.7±1.5/s (range 1-8/s), mostly localized in the anterior temporal region. Postsurgical seizure outcome was not associated with any clinical or electrophysiological feature. RA in the delta-band was more often observed with shorter epilepsy duration (p=0.002).

Conclusions: RA on scalp EEG gets faster with increasing epilepsy duration, possibly via time-dependent alterations of epileptogenic networks. Neither the frequency of RA nor other EEG-features appeared to predict postsurgical seizure outcome.

Significance: The results challenge the view that if patients with apparent MTLE display RA in the delta-band, seizure-onset in neocortical structures rather than in temporo-mesial tissue should be considered and further investigations should be prompted.

Keywords: Amygdalo-hippocampectomy; EEG; Epilepsy surgery; Hippocampal sclerosis.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Electroencephalography / trends*
  • Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / diagnosis*
  • Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / physiopathology
  • Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / surgery*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hippocampus / pathology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Scalp* / physiopathology
  • Sclerosis
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult