Preliminary Prospective Study to Assess the Effect of Early Blood Urea Nitrogen/Creatinine Ratio-Based Hydration Therapy on Poststroke Infection Rate and Length of Stay in Acute Ischemic Stroke

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2015 Dec;24(12):2720-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.08.002. Epub 2015 Aug 31.

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to determine whether blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/creatinine (Cr)-based hydration therapy can decrease the rate of poststroke infection and length of stay (LOS) in the neurology ward.

Methods: This was a nonblinded, phase II single-arm prospective study with a historical control group of patients with acute ischemic stroke and a BUN/Cr ratio of 15 or higher. The study group (n = 134) received an intravenous saline bolus (300-500 mL) followed by maintenance saline (40-80 mL/hour) for the first 72 hours. The control group (n = 103) received maintenance saline infusions (40-60 mL/hour for the first 24 hours and 0-60 mL/hour for the next 24-72 hours).

Results: The hydration group had a significantly lower poststroke infection rate than did the control group (7.5% versus 17.5%, P = .018) and significantly shorter LOS in the neurology ward (13.5 ± 11.6 versus 19.6 ± 14.6 days, P < .01). With regard to adverse events, two patients in each group had cerebral edema.

Conclusions: The findings suggest that the BUN/Cr ratio needs to be corrected in a timely manner in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Providing prompt saline hydration therapy based on the daily BUN/Cr ratio might decrease the poststroke infection rate and shorten LOS.

Keywords: Blood urea nitrogen; acute ischemic stroke; creatinine; dehydration; hydration therapy; infection; length of stay.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Blood Urea Nitrogen*
  • Brain Ischemia / blood
  • Brain Ischemia / complications
  • Brain Ischemia / therapy*
  • Creatinine / blood*
  • Female
  • Fluid Therapy / methods*
  • Humans
  • Length of Stay
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pneumonia / etiology*
  • Pneumonia / prevention & control
  • Prospective Studies
  • Stroke / blood
  • Stroke / complications
  • Stroke / therapy*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Urinary Tract Infections / etiology*
  • Urinary Tract Infections / prevention & control

Substances

  • Creatinine