Cabozantinib and Tivantinib, but Not INC280, Induce Antiproliferative and Antimigratory Effects in Human Neuroendocrine Tumor Cells in vitro: Evidence for 'Off-Target' Effects Not Mediated by c-Met Inhibition

Neuroendocrinology. 2016;103(3-4):383-401. doi: 10.1159/000439431. Epub 2015 Aug 25.

Abstract

Background/aims: The hepatocyte growth factor/transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor c-Met has been defined as a potential target in antitumoral treatment of various carcinomas. We aimed to investigate the direct effect of c-Met inhibition on neuroendocrine tumor cells in vitro.

Methods: The effects of the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors cabozantinib and tivantinib and of the highly specific c-Met inhibitor INC280 were investigated in human pancreatic neuroendocrine BON1, bronchopulmonary NCI-H727 and midgut GOT1 cells in vitro.

Results: INC280, cabozantinib and tivantinib inhibited c-Met phosphorylation, respectively. However, while equimolar concentrations (10 μM) of cabozantinib and tivantinib inhibited cell viability and cell migration, INC280 had no inhibitory effect. Knockdown experiments with c-Met siRNA also did not demonstrate effects on cell viability. Cabozantinib and tivantinib caused a G2 arrest in neuroendocrine tumor cells.

Conclusions: Our in vitro data suggest that c-Met inhibition alone is not sufficient to exert direct antitumoral or antimigratory effects in neuroendocrine tumor cells. The multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors cabozantinib and tivantinib show promising antitumoral and antimigratory effects in neuroendocrine tumor cells, which are most probably 'off-target' effects, not mediated by c-Met.

MeSH terms

  • Anilides / pharmacology*
  • Benzamides
  • Cell Cycle / drug effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement / drug effects*
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • ErbB Receptors / metabolism
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Imidazoles / pharmacology
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / metabolism
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors / pathology
  • Oncogene Protein v-akt / metabolism
  • Phosphorylation / drug effects
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Pyridines / pharmacology*
  • Pyrrolidinones / pharmacology*
  • Quinolines / pharmacology*
  • RNA, Small Interfering / genetics
  • RNA, Small Interfering / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Time Factors
  • Transfection
  • Triazines / pharmacology

Substances

  • ARQ 197
  • Anilides
  • Benzamides
  • Imidazoles
  • Pyridines
  • Pyrrolidinones
  • Quinolines
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Triazines
  • cabozantinib
  • EGFR protein, human
  • ErbB Receptors
  • MET protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met
  • Oncogene Protein v-akt
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases
  • capmatinib