Finding the Optimal Conditioning Regimen for Relapsed/Refractory Lymphoma Patients Undergoing Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Retrospective Comparison of BEAM and High-Dose ICE

Turk J Haematol. 2016 Sep 5;33(3):209-15. doi: 10.4274/tjh.2014.0214. Epub 2015 Sep 28.

Abstract

Objective: High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHCT) is a well-defined treatment modality for relapsed/refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). Although there are several options in terms of conditioning regimens before AHCT, no one treatment is accepted as a standard of care. This study aimed to compare different conditioning regimens for the treatment of NHL and HL.

Materials and methods: Medical records of 62 patients who had undergone AHCT following BEAM (BCNU, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan) and high-dose ICE (hICE; ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide) conditioning regimens were analyzed retrospectively and compared in terms of efficacy and adverse effects.

Results: The study included a total of 29 and 33 patients diagnosed with relapsed/refractory NHL and HL, respectively. Patients received BEAM (n=37) or hICE (n=25) regimens for conditioning. One-year overall survival was 73±6% in all patients. One-year overall survival was 71±8% and 74±9% in the BEAM and hICE groups, respectively (p=0.86). The incidences of nausea/vomiting (grade ≥2) (84% vs. 44.7%; p=0.04) and mucositis (grade ≥2) (13% vs. 3%; p=0.002) were higher in the hICE group compared to the BEAM group. In addition, we witnessed significantly more hepatotoxicity of grade ≥2 (40% vs. 2.7%; p<0.005) and nephrotoxicity of grade ≥2 (48% vs. 2.7%; p<0.005) among patients who received hICE. Significantly more patients (n=4; 25%) in the hICE group experienced veno-occlusive disease (VOD) compared to the BEAM arm, where no patients developed VOD (p=0.01).

Conclusion: There was no difference in terms of overall survival between the BEAM and hICE groups. We observed significantly more adverse effects among patients treated with hICE. The BEAM regimen seems to be superior to hICE in terms of toxicity profile with comparable efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory NHL and HL.

Amaç: Otolog kök hücre nakli (OKHN) destekli yüksek doz kemoterapi relaps/refrakter non-Hodgkin lenfoma (NHL) ve Hodgkin lenfoma (HL) tedavisinde uygulanan bir yöntemdir. Hazırlama rejimleri çok çeşitli olabilse de OKHN öncesinde henüz hiçbirisi standart olarak kabul edilmemiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: BEAM ve yüksek doz ICE (hICE) sonrasında OKHN olan 62 hastanın tıbbi kayıtları retrospektif olarak analiz edildi ve etkinlik ile yan etki profili açısından karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplamda 29 relaps/refrakter NHL ve 33 HL olgusu dahil edildi. Hazırlama rejimleri BEAM (n=37) ve hICE (n=25) idi. Bir yıllık genel sağkalım (GS) %73±%6 idi. BEAM ve hICE gruplarında ise 1 yıllık GS oranı sırasıyla %71±%8 ve %74±%9 olarak bulundu (p=0,86). Bulantı/kusma (derece ≥2) insidansı (%84 vs %44,7; p=0,04) ve mukozit (derece ≥2) insidansı (%13 vs %3; p=0,002) hICE grubunda daha yüksek oranda görüldü. İlaveten, hICE alan hastalarda istatistiksel olarak derece ≥2 hepatotoksisite (%40 vs %2,7; p<0,005) ve derece ≥2 nefrotoksisite (%48 vs %2,7; p<0,005) daha fazla oranda gözlendi. hICE grubunda veno-oklüzif hastalık (VOH) sıklığı (n=4; 25%) BEAM grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksekti (p=0,01). BEAM grubunda VOH görülmedi. Sonuç: GS oranları her iki grup arasında farklı bulunmadı ancak hICE grubunda anlamlı oranda yan etki sıklığı artmıştır. Relaps/refrakter NHL ve HL hastalarında benzer etkinlik ile BEAM rejimi toksisite profili açısından hICE rejiminden üstün olarak kabul edilebilir.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Carboplatin / adverse effects
  • Carboplatin / therapeutic use
  • Cytarabine / adverse effects
  • Cytarabine / therapeutic use
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Etoposide / adverse effects
  • Etoposide / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation*
  • Hodgkin Disease / diagnosis
  • Hodgkin Disease / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Ifosfamide / adverse effects
  • Ifosfamide / therapeutic use
  • Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / diagnosis
  • Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / therapy*
  • Male
  • Melphalan / adverse effects
  • Melphalan / therapeutic use
  • Middle Aged
  • Recurrence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Transplantation Conditioning
  • Transplantation, Autologous
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Cytarabine
  • Etoposide
  • Carboplatin
  • Melphalan
  • Ifosfamide