Gleason Score 3 + 5 or 5 + 3 versus 4 + 4 Prostate Cancer: The Risk of Death

Eur Urol. 2016 Jun;69(6):976-9. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.08.054. Epub 2015 Sep 19.

Abstract

The International Society of Urological Pathology recommends that Gleason score (GS) 8 prostate cancer (PC) is one prognostic category, yet heterogeneity in cancer control potentially exists amongst men with GS 3+5/5+3 versus GS 4+4 PC. We compared PC-specific mortality (PCSM) and all-cause mortality (ACM) risk among men with GS 3+5/5+3 versus GS 4+4 PC using competing-risks and Cox regression analyses, adjusting for age, known PC prognostic factors, treatment, and a treatment propensity score. Between 1998 and 2012, 462 men with GS 8 PC were treated using brachytherapy with supplemental external-beam radiation therapy and/or androgen deprivation therapy at the Chicago Prostate Cancer Center. After a median follow-up of 7.6 yr, 118 men died, 26 of PC. PCSM (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] 2.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13-6.80; p=0.026) and ACM (AHR 1.75, 95% CI 1.06-2.87; p=0.028) were significantly higher for men with GS 3+5/5+3 PC than for men with GS 4+4 PC. Subcategorizing GS 8 into PC with or without grade 5 should be considered as a stratification factor in randomized trials.

Patient summary: Long-term success rates for men with Gleason score 8 prostate cancer vary depending on whether the most aggressive type of cancer (grade 5) is present at biopsy.

Keywords: Gleason score; Mortality; Prostate cancer.

MeSH terms

  • Androgen Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Brachytherapy
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Neoplasm Grading
  • Propensity Score
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / therapy
  • Risk Factors
  • Survival Rate

Substances

  • Androgen Antagonists