Comparative Validation of Five Quantitative Rapid Test Kits for the Analysis of Salt Iodine Content: Laboratory Performance, User- and Field-Friendliness

PLoS One. 2015 Sep 24;10(9):e0138530. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138530. eCollection 2015.

Abstract

Background: Iodine deficiency has important health and development consequences and the introduction of iodized salt as national programs has been a great public health success in the past decades. To render national salt iodization programs sustainable and ensure adequate iodization levels, simple methods to quantitatively assess whether salt is adequately iodized are required. Several methods claim to be simple and reliable, and are available on the market or are in development.

Objective: This work has validated the currently available quantitative rapid test kits (quantRTK) in a comparative manner for both their laboratory performance and ease of use in field settings.

Methods: Laboratory performance parameters (linearity, detection and quantification limit, intra- and inter-assay imprecision) were conducted on 5 quantRTK. We assessed inter-operator imprecision using salt of different quality along with the comparison of 59 salt samples from across the globe; measurements were made both in a laboratory and a field setting by technicians and non-technicians. Results from the quantRTK were compared against iodometric titration for validity. An 'ease-of-use' rating system was developed to identify the most suitable quantRTK for a given task.

Results: Most of the devices showed acceptable laboratory performance, but for some of the devices, use by non-technicians revealed poorer performance when working in a routine manner. Of the quantRTK tested, the iCheck® and I-Reader® showed most consistent performance and ease of use, and a newly developed paper-based method (saltPAD) holds promise if further developed.

Conclusions: User- and field-friendly devices are now available and the most appropriate quantRTK can be selected depending on the number of samples and the budget available.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Food Analysis / methods*
  • Food Analysis / standards*
  • Humans
  • Iodine / analysis*
  • Reference Values
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Sodium Chloride, Dietary / analysis*

Substances

  • Sodium Chloride, Dietary
  • iodized salt
  • Iodine

Grants and funding

This analysis was conducted as part of Agreement 10-1528-GROWOR-01 between The Micronutrient Initiative (www.micronutrient.org) and GroundWork LLC. FR, NP and JPW are employees of GroundWork LLC (www.groundworkhealth.org). GroundWork LLC provided support in the form of salaries for authors FR, NP and JPW, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the "author contributions" section.