Vaccination with a Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) Modified Live Virus Vaccine Followed by Challenge with PRRS Virus and Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Protects against PRRS but Enhances PCV2 Replication and Pathogenesis Compared to Results for Nonvaccinated Cochallenged Controls

Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2015 Dec;22(12):1244-54. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00434-15. Epub 2015 Oct 7.

Abstract

Coinfections involving porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) contribute to a group of disease syndromes known as porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD). Presumably, PRRSV infection enhances PCV2 replication as a result of modulation of host immunity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate PCV2 replication and pathogenesis in pigs vaccinated with a PRRS modified live virus (MLV) vaccine and subsequently challenged with a combination of PRRSV and PCV2. During the early postchallenge period, the number of pigs with PRRSV-associated clinical signs was decreased, and average daily gain (ADG) was increased, in the vaccinated group, demonstrating the protective effect of PRRS vaccination. However, during the later postchallenge period, more pigs in the vaccinated group showed increased PCV2 viremia, decreased ADG, increased PCVAD clinical signs, and increased mortality. In this disease model, the early benefits of PRRSV vaccination were outweighed by the later amplification of PCVAD.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood
  • Circoviridae Infections / immunology
  • Circoviridae Infections / prevention & control
  • Circoviridae Infections / veterinary*
  • Circovirus / immunology
  • Circovirus / physiology*
  • Coinfection / veterinary
  • Coinfection / virology
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / immunology
  • Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / prevention & control*
  • Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / virology
  • Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / genetics
  • Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / immunology*
  • Sus scrofa
  • Swine
  • Swine Diseases / immunology
  • Swine Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Swine Diseases / virology*
  • Vaccines, Attenuated / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Attenuated / immunology
  • Viral Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Viral Vaccines / immunology*
  • Viremia / prevention & control
  • Viremia / veterinary
  • Virus Replication

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Vaccines, Attenuated
  • Viral Vaccines