Characterization of mild and severe post-radical nephrectomy renal functional deterioration utilizing histopathological evaluation of non-neoplastic nephrectomized renal parenchyma

Int J Clin Oncol. 2016 Jun;21(3):588-94. doi: 10.1007/s10147-015-0909-1. Epub 2015 Oct 8.

Abstract

Background: We investigated factors affecting mild (MRFD) and severe renal functional deterioration (SRFD) after radical nephrectomy with a special focus on the histopathology of nephrectomized non-neoplastic renal parenchyma.

Methods: MRFD was defined as a postoperative decline of percent estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) lower than the value of the mean minus standard deviation (SD). SRFD was defined as a rate greater than the value of the mean plus SD. The histopathological factors of global glomerulosclerosis (GS) and arteriosclerosis in non-neoplastic renal parenchyma and multiple clinical factors were analyzed to determine whether they affected postoperative renal functional deterioration in 100 renal cell carcinoma cases. The prognoses, including non-cancer mortality, were collected from long-term follow-up data.

Results: A higher preoperative eGFR and a higher global GS extent in non-neoplastic renal parenchyma were independently associated with MRFD and SRFD, respectively. The cardiovascular disease-specific survival rates of the SRFD group and the group with global GS extent >14 % were significantly worse than those of their counterparts.

Conclusions: This is the first report to identify global GS extent in nephrectomized non-neoplastic renal parenchyma as a factor affecting the development of life-threatening post-nephrectomy renal functional deterioration. Moreover, we are the first to advocate the importance of the characterization of favorable post-nephrectomy renal functional deterioration. The identification of MRFD and SRFD by histopathological evaluation of nephrectomized non-neoplastic renal parenchyma will contribute to personalized postoperative follow-up. It may improve follow-up of individual patients with SRFD by permitting collaboration with other clinical departments such as cardiology.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Chronic kidney disease; Global glomerulosclerosis; Radical nephrectomy; Renal parenchymal histopathology.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Arteriosclerosis / complications
  • Arteriosclerosis / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / surgery*
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / mortality*
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate
  • Glomerulonephritis / complications
  • Glomerulonephritis / pathology*
  • Humans
  • Kidney Glomerulus / pathology*
  • Kidney Neoplasms / pathology
  • Kidney Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nephrectomy / adverse effects*
  • Postoperative Period
  • Prognosis
  • Renal Insufficiency / etiology
  • Renal Insufficiency / physiopathology*
  • Survival Rate