A Clinical and Angiographic Scoring System to Predict the Probability of Successful First-Attempt Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Total Chronic Coronary Occlusion

JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2015 Oct;8(12):1540-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2015.07.009.

Abstract

Objectives: This study sought to develop a scoring model predicting percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) success in chronic total occlusions.

Background: Coronary chronic total occlusion is the lesion subtype in which angioplasty is most likely to fail. Chronic total occlusion for PCI (CTO-PCI) failure is associated with higher 1-year mortality and major adverse cardiac events compared with successful CTO-PCI. Although several independent predictors of final procedural success have been identified, no study has yet produced a model predicting final procedural outcome.

Methods: Data from 1,657 consecutive patients who underwent a first-attempt CTO-PCI were prospectively collected. The scoring model was developed in a derivation cohort of 1,143 patients (70%) using a multivariable stepwise analysis to identify independent predictors of CTO-PCI failure. The model was then validated in the remaining 514 (30%).

Results: The overall procedural success rate was 72.5%. Independent predictors of CTO-PCI failure were identified and included in the clinical and lesion-related score (CL-score) as follows: previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery +1.5 (odds ratio [OR]: 2.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.56 to 3.96), previous myocardial infarction +1 (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.17 to 2.2), severe lesion calcification +2 (OR: 2.72, 95% CI :1.78 to 4.16), longer CTOs +1.5 (≥20 mm OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.54 to 2.7), non-left anterior descending coronary artery location +1 (OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.14 to 2.15), and blunt stump morphology +1 (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.81). Score values of 0 to 1, >1 and <3, ≥3 and <5, and ≥5 identified subgroups at high, intermediate, low, and very low probability, respectively, of CTO-PCI success (derivation cohort: 84.9%, 74.9%, 58%, and 31.9%; p < 0,0001; validation cohort: 88.3%, 73.1%, 59.4%, and 46.2%; p < 0.0001).

Conclusions: This clinical and angiographic score predicted the final CTO-PCI procedural outcome of our study population.

Keywords: chronic total occlusion; percutaneous coronary intervention; predictive score.

Publication types

  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Chronic Disease
  • Coronary Angiography*
  • Coronary Occlusion / diagnostic imaging*
  • Coronary Occlusion / mortality
  • Coronary Occlusion / therapy*
  • Coronary Vessels / diagnostic imaging*
  • Decision Support Techniques*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Odds Ratio
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / mortality
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Treatment Outcome