Increasing incidence of infantile hemangiomas (IH) over the past 35 years: Correlation with decreasing gestational age at birth and birth weight

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016 Jan;74(1):120-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.08.024. Epub 2015 Oct 19.

Abstract

Background: Infantile hemangiomas (IH) are the most common soft-tissue tumors of infancy, but little is known regarding their true incidence.

Objectives: We sought to determine the current incidence of IH and examine trends in incidence, demographics, and lesion characteristics over 3 decades.

Methods: The Rochester Epidemiology Project was used to identify infants residing in Olmsted County, Minnesota, who were given a diagnosis of IH between January 1, 1976, and December 31, 2010.

Results: In all, 999 infants were given a diagnosis of IH. Incidence increased over the 3-decade study period from 0.97 to 1.97 per 100 person-years (P < .001). Average gestational age at birth and birth weight for infants with IH decreased over the study period (39.2-38.3 weeks, P < .001 and 3383-3185 g, P = .003, respectively). The overall age- and sex-adjusted incidence of IH was 1.64 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 1.54-1.75).

Limitations: The population of Olmsted County, Minnesota, is predominantly non-Hispanic white, limiting our ability to report racial differences in incidence. This was a retrospective study.

Conclusions: This study provides a longitudinal, population-based incidence of IH. Incidence has increased steadily over the past 3 decades, correlating significantly with decreasing gestational age at birth and birth weight in affected infants.

Keywords: hemangioma; incidence; infantile hemangioma; vascular anomaly; vascular birthmark; vascular tumor.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Age Distribution
  • Birth Weight*
  • Child, Preschool
  • Databases, Factual
  • Female
  • Gestational Age*
  • Hemangioma, Capillary / diagnosis
  • Hemangioma, Capillary / epidemiology*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Minnesota / epidemiology
  • Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary / diagnosis
  • Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary / epidemiology*
  • Pregnancy
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Sex Distribution
  • Skin Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Skin Neoplasms / epidemiology*

Supplementary concepts

  • Hemangioma, capillary infantile