Update on Diffuse Lung Disease in Children

Chest. 2016 Mar;149(3):836-45. doi: 10.1378/chest.15-1986. Epub 2016 Jan 12.

Abstract

Diffuse lung diseases in children, also called children's interstitial lung disease, are a diverse group of rare disorders that cause disturbances of gas exchange in the lungs. Although individually rare, there are many different forms of diffuse lung disease in children, and collectively these disorders are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, as well as health-care resource utilization. Over the past several years, there have been many significant advances in the field, including genetic discoveries and the development of clinical practice guidelines. This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of diffuse lung diseases in children.

Keywords: interstitial lung disease; pediatric pulmonology; recent advances in chest medicine.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Humans
  • Hyperplasia / diagnosis
  • Hyperplasia / genetics
  • Hyperplasia / therapy
  • Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / complications
  • Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / diagnosis
  • Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / genetics
  • Lung Diseases, Interstitial / diagnosis*
  • Lung Diseases, Interstitial / etiology
  • Lung Diseases, Interstitial / genetics
  • Lung Diseases, Interstitial / therapy
  • Mutation
  • Neuroendocrine Cells / pathology
  • Rare Diseases
  • Vasculitis / complications
  • Vasculitis / diagnosis
  • Vasculitis / therapy

Supplementary concepts

  • Surfactant Dysfunction