Engineering Monolignol p-Coumarate Conjugates into Poplar and Arabidopsis Lignins

Plant Physiol. 2015 Dec;169(4):2992-3001. doi: 10.1104/pp.15.00815. Epub 2015 Oct 28.

Abstract

Lignin acylation, the decoration of hydroxyls on lignin structural units with acyl groups, is common in many plant species. Monocot lignins are decorated with p-coumarates by the polymerization of monolignol p-coumarate conjugates. The acyltransferase involved in the formation of these conjugates has been identified in a number of model monocot species, but the effect of monolignol p-coumarate conjugates on lignification and plant growth and development has not yet been examined in plants that do not inherently possess p-coumarates on their lignins. The rice (Oryza sativa) p-COUMAROYL-Coenzyme A MONOLIGNOL TRANSFERASE gene was introduced into two eudicots, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata), and a series of analytical methods was used to show the incorporation of the ensuing monolignol p-coumarate conjugates into the lignin of these plants. In poplar, specifically, the addition of these conjugates did not occur at the expense of the naturally incorporated monolignol p-hydroxybenzoates. Plants expressing the p-COUMAROYL-Coenzyme A MONOLIGNOL TRANSFERASE transgene can therefore produce monolignol p-coumarate conjugates essentially without competing with the formation of other acylated monolignols and without drastically impacting normal monolignol production.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acyltransferases / genetics
  • Acyltransferases / metabolism
  • Arabidopsis / genetics
  • Arabidopsis / metabolism*
  • Cell Wall / genetics
  • Cell Wall / metabolism
  • Chromatography, Gas
  • Coumaric Acids / chemistry
  • Coumaric Acids / metabolism*
  • Lignin / chemistry
  • Lignin / metabolism*
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Metabolic Engineering / methods
  • Oryza / enzymology
  • Oryza / genetics
  • Plant Proteins / genetics
  • Plant Proteins / metabolism
  • Plants, Genetically Modified
  • Populus / genetics
  • Populus / metabolism*
  • Propionates
  • Reproducibility of Results

Substances

  • Coumaric Acids
  • Plant Proteins
  • Propionates
  • Lignin
  • Acyltransferases
  • p-coumaric acid