Abstract
Uncoupling of ERK1/2 phosphorylation from subcellular localization is essential towards the understanding of molecular mechanisms that control ERK1/2-mediated cell-fate decision. ERK1/2 non-catalytic functions and discoveries of new specific anchors responsible of the subcellular compartmentalization of ERK1/2 signaling pathway have been proposed as regulation mechanisms for which dynamic monitoring of ERK1/2 localization is necessary. However, studying the spatiotemporal features of ERK2, for instance, in different cellular processes in living cells and tissues requires a tool that can faithfully report on its subcellular distribution. We developed a novel molecular tool, ERK2-LOC, based on the T2A-mediated coexpression of strictly equimolar levels of eGFP-ERK2 and MEK1, to faithfully visualize ERK2 localization patterns. MEK1 and eGFP-ERK2 were expressed reliably and functionally both in vitro and in single living cells. We then assessed the subcellular distribution and mobility of ERK2-LOC using fluorescence microscopy in non-stimulated conditions and after activation/inhibition of the MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Finally, we used our coexpression system in Xenopus laevis embryos during the early stages of development. This is the first report on MEK1/ERK2 T2A-mediated coexpression in living embryos, and we show that there is a strong correlation between the spatiotemporal subcellular distribution of ERK2-LOC and the phosphorylation patterns of ERK1/2. Our approach can be used to study the spatiotemporal localization of ERK2 and its dynamics in a variety of processes in living cells and embryonic tissues.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Cell Differentiation
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Genes, Reporter*
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MAP Kinase Kinase 1 / genetics
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MAP Kinase Kinase 1 / metabolism
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MAP Kinase Signaling System
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Mice
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / genetics
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / metabolism*
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NIH 3T3 Cells
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Phosphorylation
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Signal Transduction
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Single-Cell Analysis / methods*
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Xenopus Proteins / metabolism
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Xenopus laevis / embryology*
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Xenopus laevis / metabolism
Substances
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Xenopus Proteins
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1
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MAP Kinase Kinase 1
Grants and funding
FS is a joint PhD student between Lille1 University and Ghent University, and is funded by Lille 1 University, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Vandenabeele’s group research funding: Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO G.0875.11) and Methusalem grant (Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds, BOF09/01M00709). PV is senior full professor at Ghent University. FR is a visiting research professor at Ghent University and full associate professor at Lille 1 University. Research in the Vandenabeele group is further supported by Belgian grants (Interuniversity Attraction Poles, IAP 7/32), Flemish grants (FWO G.0973.11, FWO G.0A45.12N, FWO G.0172.12, FWO G.0787.13N, FWO G.0C31.14N), Ghent University grants (Multidisciplinary Research Platforms (MRP), Ghent Researchers On Unfolded Proteins in Inflammatory Disease (GROUP-ID) consortium), grant from the Foundation against Cancer, 2012-188) and grants from Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB). This research is supported by the Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR): G2Progress program (ANR-13-BSV2-0016-02). This work was funded by grants from contrat Plan Etat-Région “Campus Intelligent” and ANR “Multimodal” and DynamIC and supported by contrat with Leica Microsystems.