Atypical Subacute Recurrence of Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome in a Japanese Female Patient

Intern Med. 2015;54(22):2923-7. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.54.5150. Epub 2015 Nov 15.

Abstract

Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) survivors rarely relapse. We herein report a case of a second CAPS episode with an unusual subacute course and no microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA), a common CAPS symptom. During the first episode, the 69-year-old woman responded well to high-dose glucocorticoids and plasma exchange. On relapse, these treatments plus rituximab were ineffective and she died of multi-organ failure and bacterial cholangitis. The absence of MAHA and a subacute course do not exclude a CAPS recurrence.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antiphospholipid Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Antiphospholipid Syndrome / pathology*
  • Autopsy
  • Catastrophic Illness
  • Cholangitis / etiology
  • Cholangitis / pathology*
  • Fatal Outcome
  • Female
  • Glucocorticoids / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Multiple Organ Failure / drug therapy
  • Multiple Organ Failure / pathology*
  • Plasma Exchange
  • Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic / drug therapy
  • Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic / pathology*
  • Recurrence
  • Rituximab / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Glucocorticoids
  • Rituximab