Abstract
All patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and abnormal liver biochemistry should be considered for specific therapy. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is the only FDA-approved drug for treating PBC. Approximately 40% of patients with PBC respond incompletely to treatment with UDCA, thus having increased risk of death or need for liver transplantation. No second-line therapies for patients with inadequate response to UDCA therapy have been approved. This review provides a current perspective on potential new approaches to treatment in PBC, and highlights some of the challenges we face in evaluating and effectively implementing those treatments.
Keywords:
Biochemical response; Biomarkers; Immunomodulation; Novel therapies; Primary biliary cirrhosis; Treatment; Ursodeoxycholic acid.
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
MeSH terms
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Abatacept / therapeutic use
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Anti-Retroviral Agents / therapeutic use
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use
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Bezafibrate / therapeutic use
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Chenodeoxycholic Acid / analogs & derivatives*
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Chenodeoxycholic Acid / therapeutic use
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Cholagogues and Choleretics / therapeutic use
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Fenofibrate / therapeutic use
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Glucocorticoids / therapeutic use
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Humans
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Hypolipidemic Agents / therapeutic use
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Immunologic Factors / therapeutic use
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Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary / drug therapy*
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Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary / therapy
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
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Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / agonists
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Rituximab / therapeutic use
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Ursodeoxycholic Acid / therapeutic use
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Ustekinumab / therapeutic use
Substances
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Anti-Retroviral Agents
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
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Cholagogues and Choleretics
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Glucocorticoids
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Hypolipidemic Agents
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Immunologic Factors
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MDX-1100
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Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
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obeticholic acid
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farnesoid X-activated receptor
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Chenodeoxycholic Acid
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Rituximab
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Ursodeoxycholic Acid
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Abatacept
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Ustekinumab
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Fenofibrate
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Bezafibrate