Quantitation of the Oral Anticoagulants Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban, Apixaban, and Warfarin in Plasma Using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS)

Methods Mol Biol. 2016:1383:21-7. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3252-8_3.

Abstract

This chapter describes a method to measure the oral anticoagulants dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and warfarin in plasma samples using ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The instrument is operated in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source in positive ionization mode. Samples are extracted with a 90:10 methanol/0.1 N hydrochloric acid solution containing stable isotope-labeled internal standards for each analyte. After centrifugation the supernatant is transferred to a mass spectrometry vial, injected onto the UPLC-ESI-MS/MS, and quantified using an eight-point calibration curve.

Keywords: Anticoagulant; Apixaban; Dabigatran; Mass spectrometry; Rivaroxaban; Warfarin.

MeSH terms

  • Anticoagulants / blood*
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods
  • Dabigatran / blood*
  • Drug Monitoring / methods
  • Humans
  • Pyrazoles / blood*
  • Pyridones / blood*
  • Rivaroxaban / blood*
  • Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / methods
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry / methods*
  • Warfarin / blood*

Substances

  • Anticoagulants
  • Pyrazoles
  • Pyridones
  • apixaban
  • Warfarin
  • Rivaroxaban
  • Dabigatran