High prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with skin-restricted lupus: a case-control study

Br J Dermatol. 2016 May;174(5):1051-60. doi: 10.1111/bjd.14392. Epub 2016 Mar 27.

Abstract

Background: Psychiatric disorders have been extensively documented in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with skin-restricted lupus (SRL) remains unknown, although SRL is more common than SLE.

Objectives: To assess current and lifetime prevalence of Axis I psychiatric disorders among outpatients with SRL and to examine the factors associated with psychiatric disorders among such patients.

Methods: A multicentre case-control study involving outpatients with SRL and controls matched for sex, age and education level. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview was used for psychiatric evaluation.

Results: We evaluated 75 patients and 150 controls. Of these, 49% of patients vs. 13% of controls fulfilled the criteria for at least one current psychiatric disorder (P < 0·001). The following disorders were significantly more frequent among patients than controls: current and lifetime major depressive disorder (9% vs. 0%, P < 0·001 and 44% vs. 26%, P = 0·01), generalized anxiety disorder (23% vs. 3%, P < 0·001 and 35% vs. 19%, P = 0·03), panic disorder (7% vs. 0%, P = 0·004 and 21% vs. 3%, P < 0·001), current suicide risk (24% vs. 7%, P = 0·003), alcohol dependence (7% vs. 0%, P = 0·004) and lifetime agoraphobia (20% vs. 9%, P = 0·01). Lupus duration and lupus past treatment by thalidomide were significantly higher among patients with current psychiatric disorders.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates a high prevalence of several psychiatric disorders (anxiety, depression, suicide risk, alcohol dependence) in patients with SRL.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Female
  • France / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous / epidemiology
  • Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous / psychology*
  • Male
  • Mental Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Mental Disorders / therapy
  • Mental Health Services / statistics & numerical data
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Suicide, Attempted / statistics & numerical data