Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of alogliptin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Methods: This was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial. A total of 491 subjects with T2DM were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive alogliptin (25 mg once daily) or placebo for 16 weeks. Among them, 181 were in the monotherapy group (group A), 186 were in the add-on to metformin group (group B), and 124 were in the add-on to pioglitazone group (group C).
Results: After 16 weeks of therapy, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels decreased in both alogliptin and placebo groups. The mean changes in HbA1c for alogliptin and placebo were 1.00% and 0.43% (P<0.001), 0.91% and 0.23% (P<0.001), and 0.76% and 0.25% (P<0.001) in group A, B and C, respectively. Compared with placebo, alogliptin treatment led to a greater decrease in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and a higher percentage of subjects who achieved HbA1c targets of ≤ 6.5% and ≤ 7.0%. The percentage of subjects who experienced all adverse events including hypoglycemia with alogliptin were comparable to those with placebo.
Conclusions: Alogliptin 25 mg once daily reduced HbA1c and FPG, and increased a greater proportion of subjects achieving HbA1c goals of ≤6.5% and ≤7.0% compared with placebo when used as a monotherapy, add-on to metformin, or add-on to pioglitazone. The hypoglycemia rates and safety profiles with alogliptin were similar to those with placebo.