Tectorins crosslink type II collagen fibrils and connect the tectorial membrane to the spiral limbus

J Struct Biol. 2016 May;194(2):139-46. doi: 10.1016/j.jsb.2016.01.006. Epub 2016 Jan 13.

Abstract

All inner ear organs possess extracellular matrix appendices over the sensory epithelia that are crucial for their proper function. The tectorial membrane (TM) is a gelatinous acellular membrane located above the hearing sensory epithelium and is composed mostly of type II collagen, and α and β tectorins. TM molecules self-assemble in the endolymph fluid environment, interacting medially with the spiral limbus and distally with the outer hair cell stereocilia. Here, we used immunogold labeling in freeze-substituted mouse cochleae to assess the fine localization of both tectorins in distinct TM regions. We observed that the TM adheres to the spiral limbus through a dense thin matrix enriched in α- and β-tectorin, both likely bound to the membranes of interdental cells. Freeze-etching images revealed that type II collagen fibrils were crosslinked by short thin filaments (4±1.5nm, width), resembling another collagen type protein, or chains of globular elements (15±3.2nm, diameter). Gold-particles for both tectorins also localized adjacent to the type II collagen fibrils, suggesting that these globules might be composed essentially of α- and β-tectorins. Finally, the presence of gold-particles at the TM lower side suggests that the outer hair cell stereocilia membrane has a molecular partner to tectorins, probably stereocilin, allowing the physical connection between the TM and the organ of Corti.

Keywords: Electron microscopy; Extracellular matrix; Immunogold-labeling; Tectorial membrane; Tectorins.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Collagen Type II / genetics
  • Collagen Type II / metabolism*
  • Collagen Type II / ultrastructure
  • Extracellular Matrix / metabolism
  • Extracellular Matrix / ultrastructure
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins / genetics
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins / metabolism*
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins / ultrastructure
  • Freeze Etching
  • GPI-Linked Proteins / genetics
  • GPI-Linked Proteins / metabolism
  • GPI-Linked Proteins / ultrastructure
  • Gene Expression
  • Guinea Pigs
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Membrane Proteins / genetics
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism*
  • Membrane Proteins / ultrastructure
  • Mice
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
  • Myosins / deficiency
  • Myosins / genetics
  • Organ of Corti / metabolism*
  • Organ of Corti / ultrastructure
  • Protein Binding
  • Rats
  • Tectorial Membrane / metabolism*
  • Tectorial Membrane / ultrastructure

Substances

  • Collagen Type II
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins
  • GPI-Linked Proteins
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Myo15 protein, mouse
  • Tecta protein, mouse
  • beta-tectorin, mouse
  • Myosins