Shell-vial culture, coupled with real-time PCR, applied to Rickettsia conorii and Rickettsia massiliae-Bar29 detection, improving the diagnosis of the Mediterranean spotted fever

Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2016 Apr;7(3):457-61. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.01.008. Epub 2016 Jan 19.

Abstract

Rickettsia conorii and Rickettsia massiliae-Bar29 are related to Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF). They are intracellular microorganisms. The Shell-vial culture assay (SV) improved Rickettsia culture but it still has some limitations: blood usually contains low amount of microorganisms and the samples that contain the highest amount of them are non-sterile. The objectives of this study were to optimize SV culture conditions and monitoring methods and to establish antibiotic concentrations useful for non-sterile samples. 12 SVs were inoculated with each microorganism, incubated at different temperatures and monitored by classical methods and real-time PCR. R. conorii was detected by all methods at all temperatures since 7th day of incubation. R. massiliae-Bar29 was firstly observed at 28°C. Real-time PCR allowed to detected it 2-7 days earlier (depend on temperature) than classical methods. Antibiotics concentration needed for the isolation of these Rickettsia species from non-sterile samples was determined inoculating SV with R. conorii, R. massiliae-Bar29, biopsy or tick, incubating them with different dilutions of antibiotics and monitoring them weekly. To sum up, if a MSF diagnosis is suspected, SV should be incubated at both 28°C and 32°C for 1-3 weeks and monitored by a sensitive real-time PCR. If the sample is non-sterile the panel of antibiotics tested can be added.

Keywords: Mediterranean spotted fever; Real-time PCR; Rickettsia conorii; Rickettsia massiliae-Bar29; Shell-vial assay.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amphotericin B / pharmacology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Antigens, Bacterial / analysis*
  • Bacterial Typing Techniques*
  • Blood Culture
  • Boutonneuse Fever / blood
  • Boutonneuse Fever / diagnosis*
  • Boutonneuse Fever / microbiology
  • Centrifugation
  • DNA, Bacterial / analysis*
  • Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
  • Gentamicins / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Rickettsia / drug effects
  • Rickettsia / genetics
  • Rickettsia / immunology
  • Rickettsia / isolation & purification*
  • Rickettsia conorii / drug effects
  • Rickettsia conorii / genetics
  • Rickettsia conorii / immunology
  • Rickettsia conorii / isolation & purification*
  • Vancomycin / pharmacology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antigens, Bacterial
  • DNA, Bacterial
  • Gentamicins
  • Vancomycin
  • Amphotericin B