Pulmonary artery size as a predictor of outcomes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Eur Respir J. 2016 May;47(5):1445-51. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01532-2015. Epub 2016 Feb 4.

Abstract

IPF patients have heightened propensity for pulmonary hypertension, which portends a worse outcome. Presence of pulmonary hypertension may be reflected in an enlarged pulmonary artery. We investigated pulmonary artery size measured on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) as an outcome predictor in IPF.We retrospectively reviewed all IPF patients evaluated at a tertiary-care centre between 2008 and 2013. Pulmonary artery and ascending aorta diameters were measured from chest HRCT with pulmonary artery:ascending aorta diameter (PA:A) ratio calculations. Outcome analysis defined by either death or lung transplant based on pulmonary artery size and PA:A ratio over 60 months was performed. Independent effects of different variables on overall outcomes were evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model.98 IPF patients with available HRCT scans had a mean pulmonary artery diameter and PA:A ratio of 32.8 mm and 0.94, respectively. Patients with a PA:A ratio >1 had higher risk of death or transplant compared with a PA:A ratio ≤1 (p<0.001). A PA:A ratio >1 was also an independent predictor of outcomes in unadjusted and adjusted outcomes analyses (hazard ratio 3.99, p<0.001 and hazard ratio 3.35, p=0.002, respectively).A PA:A ratio >1 is associated with worse outcomes in patients with IPF.

Hrct pa: A ratio measurement may assist in risk stratification and prognostication of IPF patients.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aorta / diagnostic imaging*
  • Aorta / physiopathology*
  • Coronary Artery Disease / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Artery Disease / physiopathology
  • Female
  • Forced Expiratory Volume
  • Humans
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary / diagnostic imaging*
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary / physiopathology
  • Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis / diagnosis*
  • Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis / physiopathology
  • Lung / physiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Pulmonary Artery / diagnostic imaging*
  • Pulmonary Artery / physiopathology
  • Regression Analysis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vital Capacity