NOTUM is a potential pharmacodynamic biomarker of Wnt pathway inhibition

Oncotarget. 2016 Mar 15;7(11):12386-92. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.7157.

Abstract

Activation of Wnt signaling due to Wnt overexpression or mutations of Wnt pathway components is associated with various cancers. Blocking Wnt secretion by inhibiting PORCN enzymatic activity has shown efficacy in a subset of cancers with elevated Wnt signaling. Predicting response to upstream Wnt inhibitors and monitoring response to therapeutics is challenging due to the paucity of well-defined biomarkers. In this study we identify Notum as a potential biomarker for Wnt driven cancers and show that coordinate regulation of NOTUM and AXIN2 expression may be a useful predictor of response to PORCN inhibitors. Most importantly, as NOTUM is a secreted protein and its levels in blood correlate with tumor growth, it has potential as a pharmacodynamic biomarker for PORCN and other Wnt pathway inhibitors.

Keywords: Biomarker; Notum; PORCN inhibitor; Wnt signaling.

MeSH terms

  • Acyltransferases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Animals
  • Axin Protein / biosynthesis
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / biosynthesis*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Down-Regulation / drug effects
  • Esterases / biosynthesis*
  • Fibrosarcoma / drug therapy*
  • Fibrosarcoma / metabolism
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings / pharmacology*
  • Heterografts
  • Humans
  • Membrane Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Nude
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Transfection
  • Wnt Signaling Pathway / drug effects*

Substances

  • AXIN2 protein, human
  • Axin Protein
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • ETC-159
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Acyltransferases
  • PORCN protein, human
  • Esterases
  • Notum protein, human