Megaconial muscular dystrophy caused by mitochondrial membrane homeostasis defect, new insights from skeletal and heart muscle analyses

Mitochondrion. 2016 Mar:27:32-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mito.2016.02.001. Epub 2016 Feb 23.

Abstract

Megaconial congenital muscular dystrophy is a disease caused by pathogenic mutations in the gene encoding choline kinase beta (CHKB). Microscopically, the disease is hallmarked by the presence of enlarged mitochondria at the periphery of skeletal muscle fibres leaving the centre devoid of mitochondria. Clinical characteristics are delayed motor development, intellectual disability and dilated cardiomyopathy in half of reported cases. This study describes a patient presenting with the cardinal clinical features, in whom a homozygous nonsense mutation (c.248_249insT; p.Arg84Profs*209) was identified in CHKB and who was treated by heart transplantation. Microscopic evaluation of skeletal and heart muscles typically showed enlarged mitochondria. Spectrophotometric evaluation in both tissues revealed a mild decrease of all OXPHOS complexes. Using BN-PAGE analysis followed by activity staining subcomplexes of complex V were detected in both tissues, indicating incomplete complex V assembly. Mitochondrial DNA content was not depleted in analysed tissues. This is the first report describing the microscopic and biochemical abnormalities in the heart from an affected patient. A likely hypothesis is that the biochemical findings are caused by an abnormal lipid profile in the inner mitochondrial membrane resulting from a defective choline kinase B activity.

Keywords: CHKB; Heart transplantation; Microscopy; Mitochondria; OXPHOS.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine Triphosphatases / analysis
  • Carrier Proteins / analysis
  • Child
  • Choline Kinase / genetics*
  • Codon, Nonsense*
  • Heart Transplantation
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Membrane Proteins / analysis
  • Microscopy
  • Mitochondria / pathology
  • Mitochondrial Membranes / physiology*
  • Mitochondrial Myopathies / diagnosis
  • Mitochondrial Myopathies / genetics
  • Mitochondrial Myopathies / pathology*
  • Mitochondrial Myopathies / therapy
  • Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases
  • Muscular Dystrophies / diagnosis
  • Muscular Dystrophies / genetics
  • Muscular Dystrophies / pathology*
  • Muscular Dystrophies / therapy
  • Myocardium / pathology*
  • Oxidative Phosphorylation

Substances

  • Carrier Proteins
  • Codon, Nonsense
  • Membrane Proteins
  • CHKB protein, human
  • Choline Kinase
  • Adenosine Triphosphatases
  • Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases
  • oligomycin sensitivity-conferring protein