Definitive Surgical Therapy after Open Neck Biopsy for HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Cancer

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Apr;154(4):657-66. doi: 10.1177/0194599815627642. Epub 2016 Feb 9.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the impact of prior open neck biopsy on the prognosis of patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) who are subsequently treated with a definitive surgical paradigm, including adjuvant therapy when indicated.

Study design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Tertiary care university hospital.

Subjects and methods: Patients with open neck biopsies who were treated with definitive surgery, with or without adjuvant therapy, for HPV-related OPSCC between 1998 and 2012 were compared with a matched control group who did not undergo open neck biopsy. Outcomes were disease-free survival, overall survival, disease-specific survival, incidence of tumor deposit in dermal scar, patterns of recurrence, and neck dissection complications.

Results: Forty-five patients who underwent open neck biopsy were compared with 90 matched controls. Tumor deposits in dermal scars from the prior open neck biopsy were found in 3 patients (7%) during completion neck dissection. Overall complications of the neck dissection were not significantly increased in the open biopsy group over matched controls (20% vs 12%, respectively; P > .05). Five-year Kaplan-Meier estimates for disease-free survival, overall survival, and disease-specific survival were not significantly different between the open biopsy and control groups (93% vs 91%, 98% vs 97%, 98% vs 99%, respectively; all P > .05). Recurrence rates were also not significantly different between groups.

Conclusions: Patients with HPV-related OPSCC who have undergone a prior open neck biopsy can be successfully treated with a definitive surgical paradigm. Although needle biopsy is preferable to establish a diagnosis, previous open neck biopsy does not affect prognosis in these patients.

Keywords: HPV; TLM; excisional biopsy; human papillomavirus; incisional biopsy; open neck biopsy; oropharyngeal carcinoma; p16; transoral surgery.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biopsy
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / virology*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neck Dissection
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / virology*
  • Postoperative Complications
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • Treatment Outcome