Detecting Change over Time: A Comparison of the SLUMS Examination and the MMSE in Older Adults at Risk for Cognitive Decline

CNS Neurosci Ther. 2016 May;22(5):413-9. doi: 10.1111/cns.12515. Epub 2016 Feb 10.

Abstract

Aims: To directly compare the 1-year stability of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score and Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) examination score and correlate score changes with demographic variables, clinical factors, and functional domains.

Methods: A sample of 304 study participants was recruited from residential and clinical settings in Ohio. Follow-up assessments were administered after 1 year with a retention rate of 92% (n = 281). Functional domains included the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale.

Results: MMSE and SLUMS scores correlated with each other (r = 0.65, P < 0.001) and with two functional measures, including the IADL (r = 0.27, r = 0.24, P < 0.001). However, the MMSE and SLUMS frequently placed the same subject into different categories. Rates of reversion and conversion varied between the two tests. The 1-year changes in MMSE raw score correlated with changes in three functional domains as well as age (P < 0.05), while SLUMS raw score changes did not correlate with any functional measures.

Conclusion: Our large, longitudinal data set allowed us to compare the tests' stability, which differed between the SLUMS and MMSE. The MMSE may be more sensitive than the SLUMS to 1-year cognitive changes influencing functional abilities.

Keywords: Dementia; Geriatric assessment; Mild cognitive impairment; Mini-Mental State Examination; Saint Louis University Mental Status.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Activities of Daily Living
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cognition Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Cognition Disorders / psychology
  • Executive Function / physiology
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mental Status Schedule*
  • Neuropsychological Tests*
  • Statistics as Topic
  • Time Factors