The effects of previous cesarean deliveries on severe maternal and adverse perinatal outcomes at a university hospital in Tanzania

Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2016 May;133(2):183-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.10.009. Epub 2016 Jan 15.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate if multiparous individuals who had undergone a previous cesarean delivery experienced an increased risk of severe maternal outcomes or adverse perinatal outcomes compared with multiparous individuals who had undergone previous vaginal deliveries.

Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study at a university hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, enrolled multiparous participants of at least 28weeks of pregnancy between February 1 and June 30, 2012 . Data were collected from patients' medical records and the hospital's obstetric database. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to compare outcomes among patients who had or had not undergone previous cesarean deliveries.

Results: A total of 2478 patients were enrolled. A previous cesarean delivery resulted in no increase in the risk of severe maternal outcomes (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.58-1.26; P=0.46), and decreased risk of stillbirth (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.29-0.62, P<0.001), and intrapartum stillbirth and neonatal distress (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.38-0.87, P=0.007).

Conclusion: Previous cesarean delivery was not a risk factor for severe maternal outcomes or adverse perinatal outcomes. The present study was conducted at a referral institution, where individuals with previous cesarean deliveries may constitute a healthy group. Additionally, there could be differences between the study groups in terms of healthcare-seeking behavior, referral mechanisms, intrapartum monitoring, and clinical decision making.

Keywords: Cesarean section; Low-income countries; Maternal near-miss; Previous scar; Tanzania.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Cesarean Section / adverse effects*
  • Cicatrix
  • Clinical Decision-Making
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Databases, Factual
  • Female
  • Hospitals, University
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Odds Ratio
  • Parity*
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Outcome / epidemiology*
  • Regression Analysis
  • Stillbirth / epidemiology*
  • Tanzania
  • Young Adult