Development of a servo pump system for in vivo loading of pathological pulmonary artery impedance on the right ventricle of normal rats

Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2016 Apr 15;310(8):H973-83. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00813.2015. Epub 2016 Feb 12.

Abstract

Pulmonary artery (PA) impedance provides detailed information on right ventricular (RV) afterload in pulmonary hypertension (PH). This study aimed to examine PA impedance in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced PH (MCT-PH) and to develop an experimental system for in vivo loading of pathological PA impedance on the RV of normal rats. PA impedance was quantified in normal (n= 10) and MCT-PH rats (n= 10) using a three-element Windkessel (3-WK) model. Compared with normal rats, MCT-PH rats had higher characteristic impedance (ZC) and peripheral pulmonary resistance (RP) (ZC: 0.121 ± 0.039 vs. 0.053 ± 0.017 mmHg·min·ml(-1), P< 0.001; RP: 0.581 ± 0.334 vs. 0.252 ± 0.105 mmHg·min·ml(-1), P= 0.013) and lower pulmonary artery compliance (CP) (0.242 ± 0.131 vs. 0.700 ± 0.186 ml/mmHg, P< 0.001). In another group of 10 normal rats, a computer-controlled servo pump was connected to the left PA for loading PA impedance with parameters in pathological ranges designed by the 3-WK model. Activation of the servo pump decreased the error of measured vs. target PA impedance (modulus: from 0.047 ± 0.020 without pump activation to 0.019 ± 0.007 with pump activation,P< 0.001; phase: 0.085 ± 0.028 to 0.043 ± 0.012 radians,P< 0.001). In conclusion, MCT-PH increases ZC and RP and decreases CP Our servo pump system, which is capable of imposing arbitrary PA impedance with pathological parameters, may offer a unique opportunity to delineate the pathological significance of PA impedance in PH.

Keywords: monocrotaline; pulmonary artery impedance; pulmonary hypertension; windkessel model.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Arterial Pressure
  • Blood Flow Velocity
  • Cardiac Pacing, Artificial
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Electronics, Medical*
  • Equipment Design
  • Hemodynamics*
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary / chemically induced
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary / physiopathology*
  • Male
  • Models, Cardiovascular
  • Monocrotaline
  • Pulmonary Artery / physiopathology*
  • Pulmonary Circulation*
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Regional Blood Flow
  • Time Factors
  • Vascular Resistance
  • Ventricular Function, Right*

Substances

  • Monocrotaline