1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France; Department of Bacteriology-Hygiene, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France.
2 Department of Bacteriology-Hygiene, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France.
3 National Reference Laboratory for C. difficile, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.
4 Department of Infectious Diseases, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France.
5 Department of Infectious Diseases, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France. Electronic address: [email protected].