Pharmacokinetics of moxidectin in alpacas following administration of an oral or subcutaneous formulation

Res Vet Sci. 2016 Apr:105:160-4. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.12.011. Epub 2015 Dec 23.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of moxidectin in alpacas after single subcutaneous injection of a non-aqueous formulation or oral administration of an aqueous drench at 0.2 mg∗kg(-1). Plasma moxidectin concentrations were measured with reverse phase HPLC, and data analyzed using non-compartmental methods. Half-life was longer (p=0.02) after subcutaneous administration than oral (292+/-170 vs 33+/-39 h). The area under the concentration-time curve was greater (p=0.04) following subcutaneous administration (1484.8+/-1049.5 h∗ng∗ml(-1)) than oral (157.6+/-85.9 h∗ng∗ml(-1)). The peak concentration (Cmax) was higher and the after subcutaneous administration, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.18). The relative bioavailability of the oral moxidectin to the subcutaneous moxidectin was 11%. The data suggest a higher relative bioavailability following subcutaneous compared to oral administration. Further studies are needed to determine the therapeutic concentrations of moxidectin in alpacas.

Keywords: Alpaca; Anthelmintic; Camelid; Moxidectin; Pharmacokinetics.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Animals
  • Antinematodal Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antinematodal Agents / pharmacokinetics*
  • Biological Availability
  • Camelids, New World*
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / veterinary
  • Haemonchiasis / drug therapy
  • Haemonchiasis / parasitology
  • Haemonchiasis / veterinary*
  • Haemonchus / drug effects*
  • Half-Life
  • Injections, Subcutaneous / veterinary
  • Macrolides / administration & dosage
  • Macrolides / pharmacokinetics*
  • Male

Substances

  • Antinematodal Agents
  • Macrolides
  • moxidectin