Floating Thoracic Spine After Double, Noncontiguous Three-Column Spinal Fractures

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jul:91:670.e7-670.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.03.082. Epub 2016 Apr 4.

Abstract

Background: Double, noncontiguous, 3-column spinal injuries are a rare phenomenon most often caused by high-energy trauma. The resulting multilevel, fracture-dislocation injuries represent 2 separate 3-column lesions and produce a floating spine segment between the 2 fracture dislocation sites. Only a few cases of these rare, posttraumatic injuries have been reported previously; however, all of these included a combination of injuries in the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and/or sacral spine.

Case description: We present the first report of a case of double-level spinal injury isolated to the thoracic spine, with an intermediate floating spinal segment in a 48-year-old man after a 30-foot fall. In our case, the standard 3 above and 2 below pedicle instrumentation was not sufficient to stabilize the thoracic spine.

Conclusions: We consider the evaluation and surgical management of these fractures and discuss how a standard "3 above-2 below" approach may not be sufficient to stabilize these unstable injuries. In the case of severe, noncontiguous double chance fractures of the spine, we recommend a more extensive anteroposterior approach to reduce the risk of hardware failure and worsening spinal deformity.

Keywords: Fracture dislocation; Spine trauma; Thoracic fracture; Three-column injury.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Orthopedics / methods*
  • Spinal Fractures / diagnostic imaging
  • Spinal Fractures / etiology*
  • Spinal Fractures / surgery*
  • Spinal Fusion / methods*
  • Spinal Injuries / complications*
  • Spinal Injuries / diagnostic imaging
  • Thoracic Vertebrae / diagnostic imaging
  • Thoracic Vertebrae / pathology
  • Thoracic Vertebrae / surgery
  • Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed