Neuropathologic differences by race from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center

Alzheimers Dement. 2016 Jun;12(6):669-77. doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.03.004. Epub 2016 Apr 16.

Abstract

Introduction: Compared to Caucasians, African Americans (AAs) have higher dementia prevalence, different genetic markers, and higher vascular risk factors. However, pathologic underpinnings are unknown.

Methods: We used neuropathologic and clinical data on 110 AA and 2500 Caucasians who were demented before death. The groups were compared regarding demographics, cognition, apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, comorbidities, and clinical and neuropathologic characteristics.

Results: AA and Caucasians differed in their demographics, cognition at the last visit before death, APOE genotype, presence of hypertension, primary clinical diagnoses, and AD, cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and other neuropathologies such as Lewy body disease (LBD).

Discussion: AD, LBD, and CVD pathology were more common and TDP and frontotemporal lobar degeneration-tau less common in AA than in Caucasians. APOE accounted for most of the AD neuropathologic differences. If replicated, the observed differences in underlying neuropathology by race will be important for public health policy and recruitment for and interpreting of clinical trials.

Keywords: African American; Alzheimer disease; Brain autopsy; Dementia.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Alzheimer Disease / epidemiology
  • Alzheimer Disease / ethnology*
  • Alzheimer Disease / genetics
  • Alzheimer Disease / pathology*
  • Apolipoproteins E / genetics
  • Black or African American*
  • Cerebrovascular Disorders / epidemiology
  • Cerebrovascular Disorders / pathology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lewy Body Disease / epidemiology
  • Lewy Body Disease / pathology
  • Male
  • Neurofibrillary Tangles / pathology
  • United States / epidemiology
  • White People*

Substances

  • Apolipoproteins E