Eradication failure of newly acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in cystic fibrosis

J Cyst Fibros. 2016 Nov;15(6):776-782. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2016.04.006. Epub 2016 May 1.

Abstract

Eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is critical in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.

Objectives: To determine eradication success rate of newly acquired PA and to identify characteristics associated with eradication failure.

Methods: In an observational study, data from patients with newly acquired PA infection from 2007 to 2013 were collected. Clinical variables were compared in patients with and without successful eradication for ≥1year.

Results: Of 183 patients out of 740 (25%) from 7 CF Centers that had newly acquired PA, eradication succeeded in 72%. Patients with the highest risk of failure had multi-resistant PA, fewer sputum cultures taken, were older, and were diagnosed at a later age. The risk of eradication failure increased by 1.3% with each year of delayed CF diagnosis; successful eradication increased by 17% with each additional sputum culture taken.

Conclusions: Delayed detection of PA infection leading to delayed treatment and growth of multi-resistant organisms is associated with eradication failure.

Keywords: Cystic fibrosis; Eradication failure; Pseudomonas infection.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / classification
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Child
  • Cystic Fibrosis* / complications
  • Cystic Fibrosis* / epidemiology
  • Cystic Fibrosis* / microbiology
  • Cystic Fibrosis* / therapy
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infection Control* / methods
  • Infection Control* / statistics & numerical data
  • Israel / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Medication Therapy Management
  • Middle Aged
  • Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care
  • Pseudomonas Infections* / diagnosis
  • Pseudomonas Infections* / drug therapy
  • Pseudomonas Infections* / epidemiology
  • Pseudomonas Infections* / etiology
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa* / drug effects
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa* / isolation & purification
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa* / pathogenicity

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents