Key roles of autophagy in regulating T-cell function

Eur J Immunol. 2016 Jun;46(6):1326-34. doi: 10.1002/eji.201545955.

Abstract

In the past 10 years, autophagy has emerged as a crucial regulator of T-cell homeostasis, activation, and differentiation. Through the ability to adjust the cell's proteome in response to different stimuli, different forms of autophagy have been shown to control T-cell homeostasis and survival. Autophagic processes can also determine the magnitude of the T-cell response to TCR engagement, by regulating the cellular levels of specific signaling intermediates and modulating the metabolic output in activated T cells. In this review we will examine the mechanisms that control autophagy activity in T cells, such as ROS signaling and signaling through common gamma-chain cytokine receptors, and the different aspect of T-cell biology, including T-cell survival, effector cell function, and generation of memory, which can be regulated by autophagy.

Keywords: Autophagy; Chaperone-mediated autophagy; Macroautophagy; Metabolism; T cell.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Autoimmune Diseases / genetics
  • Autoimmune Diseases / immunology
  • Autoimmune Diseases / metabolism
  • Autoimmunity
  • Autophagy* / genetics
  • Autophagy* / immunology
  • Cell Survival / genetics
  • Cell Survival / immunology
  • Energy Metabolism
  • Homeostasis
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions / genetics
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immunologic Memory
  • Immunosenescence
  • Lymphocyte Activation / genetics
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Molecular Chaperones / metabolism
  • Organelles / immunology
  • Organelles / metabolism
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism*

Substances

  • Molecular Chaperones
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell