Voluntary wheel-running attenuates insulin and weight gain and affects anxiety-like behaviors in C57BL6/J mice exposed to a high-fat diet

Behav Brain Res. 2016 Sep 1:310:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.04.051. Epub 2016 May 3.

Abstract

It is widely accepted that lifestyle plays a crucial role on the quality of life in individuals, particularly in western societies where poor diet is correlated to alterations in behavior and the increased possibility of developing type-2 diabetes. While exercising is known to produce improvements to overall health, there is conflicting evidence on how much of an effect exercise has staving off the development of type-2 diabetes or counteracting the effects of diet on anxiety. Thus, this study investigated the effects of voluntary wheel-running access on the progression of diabetes-like symptoms and open field and light-dark box behaviors in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet. C57BL/6J mice were placed into either running-wheel cages or cages without a running-wheel, given either regular chow or a high-fat diet, and their body mass, food consumption, glucose tolerance, insulin and c-peptide levels were measured. Mice were also exposed to the open field and light-dark box tests for anxiety-like behaviors. Access to a running-wheel partially attenuated the obesity and hyperinsulinemia associated with high-fat diet consumption in these mice, but did not affect glucose tolerance or c-peptide levels. Wheel-running strongly increased anxiety-like and decreased explorative-like behaviors in the open field and light-dark box, while high-fat diet consumption produced smaller increases in anxiety. These results suggest that voluntary wheel-running can assuage some, but not all, of the physiological problems associated with high-fat diet consumption, and can modify anxiety-like behaviors regardless of diet consumed.

Keywords: Anxiety; Exercise; High-fat diet; Mouse; Type-2 diabetes; Wheel-running.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anxiety / physiopathology*
  • Anxiety / psychology
  • C-Peptide / metabolism
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / physiopathology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / psychology
  • Diet, High-Fat / adverse effects*
  • Diet, High-Fat / psychology
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Eating / physiology
  • Eating / psychology
  • Exploratory Behavior / physiology
  • Insulin / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Obesity / physiopathology*
  • Obesity / psychology
  • Running / physiology*
  • Running / psychology*
  • Volition
  • Weight Gain / physiology

Substances

  • C-Peptide
  • Insulin