Exploiting Mouse Models to Study Ras-Induced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

J Invest Dermatol. 2016 Aug;136(8):1543-1548. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.03.017. Epub 2016 May 7.

Abstract

Recently developed methods have allowed for the delivery of cancer-causing genetic mutations to particular cell types in the epidermis in an inducible fashion. These methods have allowed for sophisticated explorations on the cellular and molecular origins of squamous cell carcinoma due to oncogenic mutations in Ras. These experiments have provided insights into whether cancer is initiated by stem or more specified cells under various conditions, and have highlighted the ability of particular genetic hits to serve as tumor initiators or promoters. Here we provide a summary of data from our lab and others that demonstrate the ability of hair follicle stem cells to serve as cancer cells of origin, and the ability of various molecular players to drive heterogeneity of tumor cell types. A synthesis of these studies potentially could provide unique insights into the process by which Ras can initiate squamous cell carcinoma in human patients and could eventually inform treatment strategies.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carcinogenesis
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / metabolism*
  • Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Epidermis / pathology
  • Genetic Variation
  • Hair Follicle / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Mutation
  • Oncogenes
  • Phenotype
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / metabolism
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism
  • Skin / metabolism
  • Skin Neoplasms / genetics
  • Skin Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Stem Cells / cytology
  • ras Proteins / genetics*
  • ras Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • KRAS protein, human
  • LGR5 protein, human
  • LGR6 protein, human
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
  • ras Proteins