Auditory Tones and Foot-Shock Recapitulate Spontaneous Sub-Threshold Activity in Basolateral Amygdala Principal Neurons and Interneurons

PLoS One. 2016 May 12;11(5):e0155192. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155192. eCollection 2016.

Abstract

In quiescent states such as anesthesia and slow wave sleep, cortical networks show slow rhythmic synchronized activity. In sensory cortices this rhythmic activity shows a stereotypical pattern that is recapitulated by stimulation of the appropriate sensory modality. The amygdala receives sensory input from a variety of sources, and in anesthetized animals, neurons in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) show slow rhythmic synchronized activity. Extracellular field potential recordings show that these oscillations are synchronized with sensory cortex and the thalamus, with both the thalamus and cortex leading the BLA. Using whole-cell recording in vivo we show that the membrane potential of principal neurons spontaneously oscillates between up- and down-states. Footshock and auditory stimulation delivered during down-states evokes an up-state that fully recapitulates those occurring spontaneously. These results suggest that neurons in the BLA receive convergent input from networks of cortical neurons with slow oscillatory activity and that somatosensory and auditory stimulation can trigger activity in these same networks.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acoustic Stimulation*
  • Anesthesia
  • Animals
  • Auditory Cortex / drug effects
  • Auditory Cortex / physiology
  • Auditory Threshold / drug effects
  • Auditory Threshold / physiology*
  • Basolateral Nuclear Complex / drug effects
  • Basolateral Nuclear Complex / physiology*
  • Electroshock*
  • Extremities / physiology*
  • Interneurons / drug effects
  • Interneurons / physiology*
  • Isoflurane / pharmacology
  • Patch-Clamp Techniques
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Synapses / drug effects
  • Synapses / physiology
  • Thalamus / drug effects
  • Thalamus / physiology
  • Urethane / pharmacology

Substances

  • Urethane
  • Isoflurane

Grants and funding

This research was supported by grants from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (PG1006316 to FW and PS) (https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/) and by the Australian Research Council (CE140100007, SR120300015 to PS) (http://www.arc.gov.au/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.