Relations of Visceral and Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue, Body Mass Index, and Waist Circumference to Serum Concentrations of Parameters of Chronic Inflammation

Obes Facts. 2016;9(3):144-57. doi: 10.1159/000443691. Epub 2016 Jun 1.

Abstract

Background: Different measures of body fat composition may vary in their relations to parameters of chronic inflammation.

Methods: We assessed the relations of visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), BMI, and waist circumference (WC) to serum concentrations of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), resistin, and adiponectin in 97 healthy adults using multivariate linear regression models, adjusted for age, sex, smoking, physical activity, menopausal status, and use of aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Parameters of chronic inflammation were mutually adjusted.

Results: VAT (β = 0.34), SAT (β = 0.43), BMI (β = 0.40), and WC (β = 0.47) were all significantly associated with hs-CRP. BMI was additionally inversely related to adiponectin (β = -0.29). In exploratory subgroup analyses defined by gender, BMI, smoking, and use of aspirin or NSAIDs, VAT was the strongest indicator for increased levels of IL-6, SAT was the most consistent indicator for increased levels of hs-CRP, and BMI was the most consistent indicator for decreased levels of adiponectin. WC showed to be a weak indicator for increased levels of hs-CRP and decreased levels of adiponectin.

Conclusion: VAT, SAT, BMI, and WC show distinct associations with parameters of chronic inflammation. Whether these differences reflect differential metabolic risks requires clarification by longitudinal studies.

MeSH terms

  • Adiponectin / blood
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Body Composition
  • Body Mass Index*
  • C-Reactive Protein / analysis
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Germany
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / blood*
  • Interleukin-6 / blood
  • Intra-Abdominal Fat
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Subcutaneous Fat* / metabolism
  • Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / blood
  • Waist Circumference*

Substances

  • ADIPOQ protein, human
  • Adiponectin
  • IL6 protein, human
  • Interleukin-6
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • C-Reactive Protein