Effectiveness of the South African expanded program of immunization against hepatitis B in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 living in a resource-limited setting of Kwazulu-Natal

J Med Virol. 2017 Jan;89(1):182-185. doi: 10.1002/jmv.24598. Epub 2016 Jun 24.

Abstract

Prevalence of Human-Immunodeficiency-Virus/Hepatitis-B-virus (HIV/HBV) coinfection and HBV vaccination response in children are unknown in Kwazulu-Natal. This study included 183 HIV-infected and 108 HIV-uninfected children aged between 5 and 15 years screened for HBV infection and vaccination. HBV infection occurred in 2.1% and 0% of HIV-infected and uninfected children respectively. Serological response to immunization was shown in 15.8% and 61.1% of HIV-infected and uninfected children, respectively (P < 0.001). Even if prevalence of HBV infection was low in these cohorts, HIV-infected children will stay at risk of infection if the vaccine schedule is not adapted. J. Med. Virol. 89:182-185, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Keywords: HIV/HBV co-infection; chronic hepatitis B; long-term outcome; resource-limited setting.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Coinfection / epidemiology
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • HIV Infections / epidemiology
  • Hepatitis B / epidemiology
  • Hepatitis B / prevention & control*
  • Hepatitis B Vaccines / administration & dosage*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Retrospective Studies
  • South Africa / epidemiology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Hepatitis B Vaccines