Antipsychotic drugs induce cell cytoskeleton reorganization in glial and neuronal cells via Rho/Cdc42 signal pathway

Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2016 Nov 3:71:14-26. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.06.003. Epub 2016 Jun 11.

Abstract

Long-term administration of antipsychotic drugs (APDs) has been theorized to effect drug-induced changes in protein expression in the brain. Our previous findings revealed that ADPs can regulate Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 1 (RhoGDI1) expression in glial cells. To reveal whether APDs (haloperidol, risperidone, and clozapine) might regulate cell functions in rat brain by affecting RhoGDI1, RhoGDI1 regulation, RhoGDI1-related Rho family protein, and also MLC2 in brain of 7-day APD treatment rat were examined. Increased expression of RhoGDI1 and RhoA and decreased expression of MLC2, p-MLC2 and ARP2/3 were found in the cortex of APD-treated rats. The activation of RhoA in APD-treated rat cortex was also found. The regulation of RhoGDI1-induced protein expression and its relation to intracellular stress filament production and cell migration were further examined in APD-treated C6 and B35 cells. APD-induced RhoA expression and activation in C6 cells and Cdc42 expression and activation in B35 cells were investigated. In C6 cells, ARP2/3, ROCK1, pMLC2, and PFN1 expressions were decreased, and N-WASP expression was increased by any of the three APDs. In B35 cells, haloperidol decreased ROCK1 expression, but risperidone increased ROCK1 expression. MLC2, p-MLC2, and PFN1 expressions were decreased in B35 cells treated with either risperidone or clozapine. N-WASP expression was decreased by haloperidol and clozapine. We also found all three APDs enhance C6 and B35 F-actin condensation and migration ability.

Keywords: Antipsychotics; Cdc42; Cytoskeleton; MLC2; RhoA; RhoGDI1.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antipsychotic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Brain / cytology
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Movement / drug effects
  • Cytoskeleton / drug effects*
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
  • Male
  • Neuroglia / drug effects*
  • Neurons / drug effects*
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Serine / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects*
  • Signal Transduction / genetics
  • rho Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitor alpha / genetics
  • rho Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitor alpha / metabolism*

Substances

  • Antipsychotic Agents
  • RNA, Messenger
  • rho Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitor alpha
  • Serine